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Rags Linen: From the invention of paper until the middle of the 19th century, rags linen and linen were the chief materials from which paper was made. rags linen (in¬cluding cotton and linen threads, flax and hemp, raw cotton, and cotton linters) are still used in the manufacture of high-grade papers for (1) banknote and Security papers, (2) legal docu¬ments for permanent records, (3) certain tech¬nical papers, including tracing and reproduction papers, (4) lightweight special papers for Bibles and cigarettes, (5) high-grade stationery and letterheads, and (6) newspapers of highest permanence. Rag papers may vary in rag content from 100 to 25 per cent, the remaining percent¬age being wood pulp. The lower the rag content of a paper, the less it resembles an all-rag paper.Vegetable fibers for the manufacture of paper are obtained from many materials, including woods (spruce, fir, hemlock, birch, poplar, gum, and others), cotton and linen rags linen, cotton linters, bagasse, bamboo, manila rope, esparto, cereal straws, flax straw, bast fibers from mulberry bark and mitsumata, and wastepaper. See Also Thinnest Linen:An Irish couturiere of international fame is Sybil Connolly, asso¬ciated with the Richard Alan store, at 58 Grafton Street, Dublin. In the 1953 style show in New York's Waldorf-Astoria, Miss Connolly invaded big-league circles and startled the style world by capturing first attention and applause from some 1200 representatives of the garment industry. She accomplished this feat with such non-imitative designs, all of Irish theme and Irish fabrics, as her white ball gown of thinnest linen, which she called "First Love," and her full-skirted evening dress called "Kitchen Fugue," whose material was—guess what—Irish-linen kitchen toweling!Any Textile fiber may be used to weave tapestry. Wool has always been the most favored material because its soft springy quali lends itself best to covering the warps. Its abili to take dye is another factor in its favor. Tl earliest fragments of tapestry preserved fro Pharaonic times in Egypt were woven entire of linen; however, in early Christian times wo was almost exclusively used for the wefts, som times with linen, sometimes with woolen warp Linen, silk, and gold threads were also used ; wefts, though generally in combination with woe Early tapestries from Persia combine cottc with wool and the same is true of tapestries i pre-Columbian Peru.
On The Other Hand See Wool Linen:Before World War II the industrial structure of the United Kingdom was based largely on ex¬port trades developed in the 19th century. These included coal; cotton, wool linen, and linen textiles; railroad and industrial machinery; ships; iron and steel; and heavy chemicals. Most of the indus¬tries were concentrated in specialized industrial areas: cotton in eastern Lancashire; wool linen in the West Riding of Yorkshire; linen in Northern Ire¬land; ship building on the Clyde, the northeast coast, and Northern Ireland; and iron and steel and chemicals in the north, Midlands, and South Wales.One of the interesting phases of this develop¬ment was the effect of what started to be an effort to increase the need for raw wool linen, but which eventually affected the production of the finer types of wool linen cloth to the advantage of many lower grade constructions which, in many cases, did nothing to preserve the reputation of wool linen in the experience of the consumer. The International wool linen Secretariat, which originally had its offices in London, is an international group for the pro¬motion of the use of raw wool linen. In the United States, the chief avenue of activity was in securing a federal law which made it illegal not to identify the wool linen content of any product containing wool linen, and furthermore, identifying the wool linen itself as wool linen from the sheep's back, reused wool linen or re¬processed wool linen. The wool linen from the sheep's back could also be designated as "virgin" wool linen. |
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